Danish III Tutorial: Basic Phrases, Vocabulary and Grammar

41. Places

airport	lufthavn	inn	kro
bakery	bager	library	bibliotek
bank	bank	market	marked
bar	bar	monument	monument
barn	lade	museum	museum
barracks	barrak(er)	palace	palads
bench	bænk	path	sti
bookstore	boghandel	pharmacy	apotek
bridge	bro	police station	politistation
building	bygning	port	havn
castle	slot	prison	fængsel
cathedral	katedral	restaurant	restaurant
cemetery	kirkegård	road/street	vej/gade
church	kirke	school	skole
cinema	biograf	sidewalk	fortorv
consulate	konsulat	square	torv
corner	hjørne	stable	stald
courtyard	gård	stadium	stadion
embassy	ambassade	store	butik
factory	fabrik	suburb	forstad
farm	bondegård	theater	teater
fountain	fontæne	tower	tårn
garage	garage (n)	town	by
hospital	hospital	town hall	rådhus
hotel	hotel	train station	togstation
house	hus	university	universitet
hut	hytte	village	landsby

42. Transportation

airplane	fly
bicycle	cykel
boat	båd
bus	bus
car	bil
moped	knallert
motorcycle	motorcykel
ship	skib
streetcar	sporvogn
train	tog
truck	lastbil

43. Adjectives

Adjectives must agree in gender and number with the nouns they describe. In Danish, adjectives are placed before the noun, as in English. However, the adjectives add endings depending on indefinite or definite use. If indefinite, common nouns usually add nothing, neuter nouns add -t and plural nouns add -e. If definite, many adjectives add -e to all forms. If the definite article is used before the adjective and noun, den, det and de are used in place of the regular articles.

Indefinite		Definite
a beautiful car	en flot bil	the beautiful car	den flotte bil
a beautiful house	et flot hus	the beautiful house	det flotte hus
beautiful cars	flotte bilar	the beautiful cars	de flotte biler

Regular and Irregular Indefinite Declensions

common	neuter	plural
god	godt	gode	good
ond	ondt	onde	bad
blå	blåt	blå	blue
smuk	smukt	smukke	beautiful
egen	eget	egne	own
gammel	gammelt	gamle	old
lille	lille	små	little / small

44. Comparative & Superlative

Forming the comparative and superlative of adjectives in Danish is very similar to English. Most adjectives add -ere to the adjective for the comparative and -est(e) for the superlative. Some adjectives add nothing to the adjective, but use mere or mest (more or most) before the adjective.

	comparative	superlative
strong adjectives	-ere	-est
weak adjectives	-ere	-este
many syllables	mere	mest

Irregular Comparative and Superlative Forms

good - better - best	god	bedre	bedst
bad - worse - worst	slem(t)	værre	værst
bad - less good - least good	dårlig	slemmere	slemmest
few - fewer - fewest	få	færre	færrest
small - smaller - smallest	lille	mindre	mindst
many - more - most	mange	flere	flest
much - more - most	meget	mere	mest
old - older - oldest	gammel	ældre	ældst

45. House & Furniture

alarm clock	alarmklokke	iron (flat)	jern
armchair	lænestol	key	nøgle
attic	loft	kitchen	køkken
balcony	balkon	lamp	lampe
basement	kælder	lawn	plæne
basket	kurv	light bulb	pære
bathroom	badeværelse	lock	lås
bathtub	badekar	mattress	madras
bed	seng	mirror	spejl
bedroom	soveværelse	oven	ovn
blanket	tæppe	pantry	spisekammer
blinds	persienner	picture	billede
bookcase	bogreol	pillow	pude
box	kasse	pipe (water)	pipe (vand)
broom	kost	refrigerator	køleskab
carpet	tæppe	roof	tag
ceiling	loft	room	værelse
chair	stol	rug	gulvtæppe
chimney	skorsten	sheet	lagen
clock	ur	shelf	hylde
closet	skab	shower	bruser
computer	computer	sink	vask
corner	hjørne	sofa	sofa
cupboard	skab	stairs	trapper
curtain	gardin	stove	komfur
cushion	pude	table	bord
desk	skrivebord	tap (faucet)	vandhane
door	dør	telephone	telefon
doorbell	dørklokke	television	fjernsyn
drawer	skuffe	toaster	brødrister
fence	hegn	toilet (WC)	toilet (WC)
fireplace	pejs	towel	håndklæde
floor	gulv	vacuum cleaner	støvsuger
floor / storey	sal	vase	vase
furniture	møbel	wall	mur
garden	have	wall (room)	væg
ground floor	stuen	window	vindue
house	hus	yard	gård

46. Clothing

apron	forklæde	pants	bukser
bathrobe	badekåbe	pin	nål
belt	bælte	pocket	lomme
blouse	bluse	purse	pung
boot	støvle	raincoat	regnjakke
bra	BH	ring	ring
bracelet	armbånd	scarf	tørklæde
brush	børste	shirt	skjorte
buckle	spænde	shoe	sko
button	knap	shoelaces	snørrebånd
cap	kasket	shorts	shorts
clothes	tøj	silk	silke
coat	frakke	skirt	nederdel
collar	krave	sleeve	ærme
comb	kam	slippers	sutsko
contact lens	kontaktlinse	soap	sæbe
cotton	bomuld	sock	sok
dress	kjole	stocking	strømpebuks
earrings	øreringe	suit	jakkesæt
fashion	mode	sunglasses	solbriller
glasses	briller	suspenders	seler
glove	handske	sweater	sweater
handbag	håndtaske	swimsuit	badetøj
handkerchief	lommetørklæde	thread	tråd
hat	hat	tie	slips
jacket	jakke	T-shirt	T-shirt
necklace	halskæde	umbrella	paraply
needle	nål	waistcoat	frakke
nightgown	natkjole	watch	ur
overcoat	overfrakke	wool	uld

48. Sports

badminton	badminton	rugby	rugby
baseball	baseball	sailing	sejlsport
basketball	basket	skiing	skiløb
bowling	bowling	soccer	fodbold
boxing	boxing	surfing	surfing
cycling	cykelsport	swimming	svømning
golf	golf	table tennis	bordtennis
hockey	hockey	tennis	tennis
ice-skating	skøjteløb	volleyball	volleyboll
jogging	løb	wrestling	brydning

49. Nature

air	luft	meadow	eng
bank	strand	moon	måne
bay	bugt	mountain	bjerg
beach	strand	mountain range	bjergkæde
branch	gren	mud	mudder
bud	knop	nature	natur
bush	busk	north	nord
cape	kap	peninsula	halvø
cave	grotte	plain	slætte
climate	klima	planet	planet
cloud	sky	plant	plante
coast	kyst	pond	dam
comet	komet	rain	regn
constellation	konstellation	rainbow	regnbue
country(side)	land (n)	river	flod
current	strøm	rock	klippe
daffodil	påskelilje	root	rod
daisy	mælkebøtte	rose	rose
darkness	mørke	salt water	saltvand
desert	ørken	sand	sand
dew	dug	sea	hav
dust	støv	shadow	skygge
earth	jord	sky	himmel
east	øst	snow	sne
farm	gård / landbrug	soil	jord
field	mark	south	syd
flower	blomst	spring (water)	kilde
foam	skum	star	stjerne
fog	tåge	stem	stamme
forest	skov	storm	storm
fresh water	ferskvand	strait	sund
frost	frost	stream	bæk
grass	græs	sun	sol
gulf	golf	sunflower	solsikke
hail	hagl	thaw	tø
hay	hø	thunder	torden
high tide	flod	tornado	tornado
hill	bakke	tree	træ
ice	is	tulip	tulipan
island	ø	valley	dal
isthmus	landtange	view	udsigt
jungle	jungel	water	vandfald
lake	sø	waterfall	vandfald
leaf	blad	wave	bølge
light	lys	weather	vejr
lightning	lyn	west	vest
lily	lilje	wind	vind
low tide	ebbe	world	verden

50. Parts of the Body

ankle	ankel	hip	hofte
arm	arm	intestines	tarme
artery	pulsåre	jaw	kæbe
back	ryg	kidney	nyre
beard	skæg	knee	knæ
belly	mave	leg	ben
bladder	blære	lip	læbe
blood	blod	liver	lever
body	krop	lung	lunge
bone	knogle	moustache	overskæg
brain	hjerne	mouth	mund
breast	bryst	muscle	muskel
breath	ånde / åndedrag	nail	negl
calf	læg	neck	hals
cheek	kind	nerve	nerve
chest	brystkasse	nose	næse
chin	hage	pulse	puls
complexion	hudfarve	rib	ribben
ear	øre	shin	skindeben
elbow	albue	shoulder	skulder
eye	øje	skeleton	skelet
eyebrow	øjenbryn	skin	hud
eyelid	øjelåg	skull	kranie
face	ansigt	sole	sål
finger	finger	spine	rygrad
fist	knytnæve	stomach	mave
flesh	kød	temple	tinning
foot	fod	thigh	lår
forehead	pande	throat	strube
gum	tandkød	thumb	tommelfinger
hair	hår	toe	tå
hand	hånd	tongue	tunge
head	hoved	tooth	tand
health	hals	vein	åre
heart	hjerte	waist	liv
heel	hæl	wrist	håndled

51. Relative Pronouns

The relative pronoun som can be translated at that, which, whom, or who and it can act as a subject or as a complement. Interrogatives such as hvem (who), hvis (whose), hvad (what), and hvilken/hvilket/hvilke (which) as well as der (who, which, that) can also be used as relative pronouns to join two clauses together.

52. Animals & Insects

animal	dyr	lark	lærke
ant	myre	lion	løve
badger	grævling	lizard	firben
bat	flagermus	lobster (spiny)	hummer
beak	næb	louse	lus
bear	bjørn	mackerel	makrel
bee	bi	mole	mulvarp
beetle	bille	monkey	abe
bird	fugl	mosquito	myg
blackbird	solsort	moth	natsværmer
bull	tyr	mouse	mus
butterfly	sommerfugl	mule	muldyr
calf	kalv	nightingale	nattergal
carp	karbe	octopus	blæksprutte
cat	kat	ostrich	struds
caterpillar	larve	owl	ugle
chicken	kylling	ox	okse
chimpanzee	chimpanse	oyster	østers
claw	klo	parrot	papegøje
cockroach	kakerlak	partridge	agerhøne
cod	torsk	paw	pote
cow	ko	penguin	pingvin
crab	krabbe	pig	gris
crayfish	krebs	pigeon	due
crocodile	krokodille	pike	gedde
crow	krage	rabbit	kanin
deer	hjort	raccoon	vaskebjørn
dog	hund	rat	rotte
donkey	æsel	rooster	hane
dragonfly	guldsmed	salmon	laks
duck	and	scale	skæl
eagle	ørn	scorpion	skorpion
eel	ål	sea gull	måge
elephant	elefant	seahorse	søhest
feather	fjer	seal	sæl
fin	finde	shark	haj
fish	fisk	sheep	får
flea	loppe	shrimp	reje
fly	flue	slug	skovsnegl
fox	ræv	snail	snegl
frog	frø	snake	slange
fur	pæls	sole	søtunge
gill	gælle	sparrow	spurv
giraffe	giraf	spider	edderkop
goat	ged	squirrel	egern
goose	gås	starfish	søstjerne
gorilla	gorilla	stork	stork
grasshopper	græshoppe	swallow	svale
hamster	hamster	swan	svane
hare	hare	tadpole	haletudse
hedgehog	pindsvind	tail	hale
hen	høne	tiger	tiger
heron	hejre	toad	tudse
herring	sild	trout	ørred
hoof	hov	tuna	tun
horn	horn	turkey	kalkun
horse	hest	turtle	skildpadde
hummingbird	kolibri	wasp	hveps
iguana	Ieguan	weasel	væsel
insect	insekt	whale	hval
jellyfish	vandmand	wing	vinge
kitten	killing	wolf	ulv
ladybug	mariehøne	worm	orm
lamb	lam	zebra	zebra

53. Adverbs

never	aldrig	possibly	muligvis
always	altid	often	ofte
probably	formentlig	already	allerede
at least	i det mindste	surely	sikkert
only, merely	bare	seldom	sjældent
gladly, willingly	gerne	soon	snart
not	ikke	probably	sandsynligvis
maybe, perhaps	måske	usually	sædvanligvis
hardly	næppe	really, indeed	virkelig

	Location	Movement
in	inde	ind
out	ude	ud
there	fremme	frem
up	oppe	op
down	nede	ned
here	her	her
there	der	der
away	borte	bort
(at) home	hjemme	hjem

Location adverbs are used with verbs of rest and movement adverbs are used with verbs of motion.

Jens er her. Jens is here.
Jens kommer her. Jens is coming here.
Mor bliver hjemme. Mother is staying home.
Mor går hjem. Mother is going home.

56. Office & School Supplies

backpack	rygsæk	lamp	lampe
book	bog	laptop	bærbar / computer
briefcase	kuffert	map	kort
cabinet	skab	microphone	mikrofon
cable	kabel	monitor	skærm
calculator	regnemaskine	mouse	mus
calendar	kalender	mousepad	musemåtte
chair	stol	newspaper	avis
chalk	kridt	notebook	notesbog
computer	computer	novel	roman
crayon	farveblyant	page	side
date	dato	paper	papir
desk	bord	paper clip	papirclips
dictionary	ordbog	pen	kuglepen
document	dokument	periodical	tidskrift
drawer	skuffe	photocopier	kopimaskine
envelope	kuvert	printer	printer
eraser	viskelæder	ruler	lineal
fax machine	fax maskine	scanner	scanner
file	fil	scissors	saks
globe	globus	sender	sender
glue	lim	software	software
ink	blæk	typewriter	skrivemaskine
keyboard	tastatur	wastebasket	skraldespand

57. Materials & Tools

alloy	legering	axe	økse
brass	mæssing	board	bræt
brick	mursten	chisel	mejsel
cement	cement	cord	reb
chalk	kridt	file	fil
clay	ler	gun	gevær
coal	kul	hammer	hammer
concrete	beton	hoe	hakke
copper	kobber	hook (fishing)	krog
cork	kork	line (fishing)	line
glass	glas	nail	søm
gold	guld	net	net
iron	jern	nut	møtrik
lead	bly	pliers	tang
leather	læder	plow	plov
lime	kalk	rod (fishing)	fiskestang
marble	marmor	saw	sav
mercury	kviksølv	scissors	saks
metal	metal	screw	skrue
rubber	gummi	screwdriver	skruemaskine
silver	sølv	spring	fjeder
steel	stål	string	snor
stone	sten	tool	værktøj
tar	tjære	tool box	værktøjskasse
tin	tin	wire	tråd
wood	træ	wrench	svensknøgle

58. Traveling & Airport

arrival	ankomst	platform	perron
baggage	bagage	porter	portør
border	grænse	railroad car	togvogn
coach, car	vogn	railway	togspor
compartment	kupé	return ticket	returbillet
connection	forbindelse	seat	plads
customs	told	sleeping car	sovevogn
delay	forsinkelse	station	station
departure	afgang	station master	stationsinspektør
engine	motor	stop	stop
entrance	indgang	suitcase	kuffert
exit	udgang	ticket	billet
guard	vagt	ticket office	billetkontor
information bureau	informationskontor	time table	tidstabel
lavatory	toilet	trunk	bagagerum
passenger	passager	visa	visum
passport	pas	waiting room	ventesal