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Romance Languages Verbs: Conjugations of Have (avoir / avere / tenir / tener / ter)

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Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese have two verbs meaning have in English. In Catalan and Spanish, tenir and tener are used to show possession (to have, to own, to possess), while haver and haber are used as the auxiliary verb in perfect tenses to mean have/had (followed by the past participle). In Portuguese, ter means to have, own or possess and it is the preferred auxiliary verb to form the perfect tenses; however, haver can also be used as an auxiliary. Go to haver / haber / haver conjugations.

English	French	Italian	Catalan	Spanish	Portuguese
Infinitive: to have	avoir	avere	tenir	tener	ter

Present: have, has	ai	ho	tinc	tengo	tenho
	as	hai	tens	tienes	tens
	a	ha	té	tiene	tem
	avons	abbiamo	tenim	tenemos	temos
	avez	avete	teniu	tenéis	tendes
	ont	hanno	tenen	tienen	têm

Imperfect: had/used to have	avais	avevo	tenia	tenía	tinha
	avais	avevi	tenies	tenías	tinhas
	avait	aveva	tenia	tenía	tinha
	avions	avevamo	teníem	teníamos	tínhamos
	aviez	avevate	teníeu	teníais	tínheis
	avaient	avevano	tenien	tenían	tinham

Preterite: had	eus	ebbi	tinguí	tuve	tive
(rare in French or Italian speech)	eus	avesti	tingueres	tuviste	tiveste
(alternative Catalan below)	eut	ebbe	tingué	tuvo	teve
	eûmes	avemmo	tinguérem	tuvimos	tivemos
	eûtes	aveste	tinguéreu	tuvisteis	tivestes
	eurent	ebbero	tingueren	tuvieron	tiveram

Future: will have	aurai	avrò	tindré	tendré	terei
	auras	avrai	tindràs	tendrás	terás
	aura	avrà	tindrà	tendrá	terá
	aurons	avremo	tindrem	tendremos	teremos
	aurez	avrete	tindreu	tendréis	tereis
	auront	avranno	tindran	tendrán	terão

Conditional: would have	aurais	avrei	tindria	tendría	teria
	aurais	avresti	tindries	tendrías	terias
	aurait	avrebbe	tindria	tendría	teria
	aurions	avremmo	tindríem	tendríamos	teríamos
	auriez	avreste	tindríeu	tendríais	teríeis
	auraient	avrebbero	tindrien	tendrían	teriam

Present Subjunctive: have, has	aie	abbia	tingui	tenga	tenha
	aies	abbia	tinguis	tengas	tenhas
	ait	abbia	tingui	tenga	tenha
	ayons	abbiamo	tinguem	tengamos	tenhamos
	ayez	abbiate	tingueu	tengáis	tenhais
	aient	abbiano	tinguin	tengan	tenham

Imperfect Subjunctive: had	eusse	avessi	tingués	tuviera	tivesse
(rare in French speech)	eusses	avessi	tinguessis	tuvieras	tivesses
(alternative Spanish below)	eût	avesse	tingués	tuviera	tivesse
	eussions	avessimo	tinguéssim	tuviéramos	tivéssemos
	eussiez	aveste	tinguéssiu	tuvierais	tivésseis
	eussent	avessero	tinguessin	tuvieran	tivessem

Affirmative Imperative: have
Singular familiar you	aie	abbi	ten, té, tingues	ten	tem
Singular formal you	ayez	abbia	tingui	tenga	tenha
Let's...	ayons	abbiamo	tinguem	tengamos	tenhamos
Plural familiar you	ayez	abbiate	teniu, tingueu	tened	tende
Plural formal you	ayez	abbiano	tinguin	tengan	tenham

Negative Imperative: don't have
Singular familiar you	n'aie pas	non avere	no tinguis	no tengas	não tenhas
Singular formal you	n'ayez pas	non abbia	no tingui	no tenga	não tenha
Let's not...	n'ayons pas	non abbiamo	no tinguem	no tengamos	não tenhamos
Plural familiar you	n'ayez pas	non abbiate	no tingueu	no tengáis	não tenhais
Plural formal you	n'ayez pas	non abbiano	no tinguin	no tengan	não tenham

Gerund: having Present Participle: having	en ayant ayant	avendo avente	tenint	teniendo	tendo
Past Participle: had	eu	avuto	tingut	tenido	tido

Auxiliary verb in perfect tenses	avoir	avere	haver	haber	ter

The periphrastic past in Catalan is an alternative to the preterite. It is formed by using anar as an auxiliary verb followed by the infinitive.

vaig tenir
vas tenir
va tenir
vam tenir
vau tenir
van tenir

There is an alternative form of the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish, which is more similar to Portuguese. Simply replace -ra- with -se- for all conjugations:

tuviera / tuviese
tuvieras / tuvieses
tuviera / tuviese
tuviéramos / tuviésemos
tuvierais / tuvieseis
tuvieran / tuviesen

The future subjunctive is only used in formal or literary Spanish, but it is easy to conjugate since it is nearly identical to the imperfect subjunctive forms. The future subjunctive in Portuguese is very common and the same endings are used for the personal infinitive (see below).

Spanish	Portuguese
tuviere	tiver
tuvieres	tiveres
tuviere	tiver
tuviéremos	tivermos
tuviereis	tiverdes
tuvieren	tiverem

The personal infinitive in Portuguese uses the infinitive as the stem + the endings of the future subjunctive.

ter
teres
ter
termos
terdes
terem

There is an alternative form of the past perfect in Portugueuse which only uses one word rather than an auxiliary verb + past participle. These conjugations are quite similar to the imperfect subjunctive conjugations using -ra- in Spanish. However, this simple form is only used in formal or literary Portuguese. (Note that the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish using -ra- can also be used in formal or literary language as an alternative to the compound past perfect.)

tivera
tiveras
tivera
tivéramos
tivéreis
tiveram