Romance Languages Vocabulary: Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns
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| English | French | Italian | Spanish | Portuguese |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Possessive Adjectives | sing. or masc. / fem. sing. plural |
masc. / fem. sing. masc. / fem. plural |
sing. or masc. / fem. sing. plural or masc. / fem. pl. |
masc. / fem. sing. masc. / fem. plural |
| my | mon / ma mes |
il mio / la mia i miei / le mie |
mi mis |
meu / minha meus / minhas |
| your (singular, informal) | ton / ta tes |
il tuo / la tua i tuoi / le tue |
tu tus |
teu / tua teus / tuas |
| your (singular, formal) | votre vos |
il Suo / la Sua i Suoi / le Sue |
su sus |
seu / sua seus / suas |
| his / her / its | son / sa ses |
il suo / la sua i suoi / le sue |
su sus |
seu / sua seus / suas |
| our | notre nos |
il nostro / la nostra i nostri / le nostre |
nuestro / nuestra nuestros / nuestras |
nosso / nossa nossos / nossas |
| your (plural, informal) | votre vos |
il vostro / la vostra i vostri / le vostre |
vuestro / vuestra vuestros / vuestras |
vosso / vossa vossos / vossas |
| your (plural, formal) | votre vos |
il Loro / la Loro i Loro / le Loro |
su sus |
seu / sua seus / suas |
| their | leur leurs |
il loro / la loro i loro / le loro |
su sus |
seu / sua seus / suas |
| Possessive Pronouns | masc. / fem. sing. plural or masc. / fem. pl. |
masc. / fem. sing. masc. / fem. plural |
masc. / fem. sing. masc. / fem. plural |
masc. / fem. sing. masc. / fem. plural |
| mine | le mien / la mienne les miens / la miennes |
il mio / la mia i miei / le mie |
mío / mía míos / mías |
meu / minha meus / minhas |
| yours (singular, informal) | le tien / la tienne les tiens / les tiennes |
il tuo / la tua i tuoi / le tue |
tuyo / tuya tuyos / tuyas |
teu / tua teus / tuas |
| yours (singular, formal) | le vôtre / la vôtre les vôtres |
il Suo / la Sua i Suoi / le Sue |
suyo / suya suyos / suyas |
seu / sua seus / suas |
| his / hers / its | le sien / la sienne les siens / les siennes |
il suo / la sua i suoi / le sue |
suyo / suya suyos / suyas |
seu / sua seus / suas |
| ours | le nôtre / la nôtre les nôtres |
il nostro / la nostra i nostri / le nostre |
nuestro / nuestra nuestros / nuestras |
nosso / nossa nossos / nossas |
| yours (plural, informal) | le vôtre / la vôtre les vôtres |
il vostro / la vostra i vostri / le vostre |
vuestro / vuestra vuestros / vuestras |
vosso / vossa vossos / vossas |
| yours (plural, formal) | le vôtre / la vôtre les vôtres |
il Loro / la Loro i Loro / le Loro |
suyo / suya suyos / suyas |
seu / sua seus / suas |
| theirs | le leur / la leur les leurs |
il loro / la loro i loro / le loro |
suyo / suya suyos / suyas |
seu / sua seus / suas |
- Possessive adjectives agree with the object that is possessed, not the possessor.
- French mon, ton, and son are also used before feminine nouns beginning with a vowel or h.
- To avoid ambiguity since so many forms are identical, French uses à + stressed pronoun, while Spanish uses de + stressed pronoun following the noun that is possessed.
- Portuguese can replace the forms of seu with de + stressed pronoun: dêle, dela, dêles, dela
- The phrase da gente is the corresponding possessive to the use of a gente as the familiar subject pronoun meaning we in Portuguese (instead of nós).
- Italian and Portuguese possessive pronouns are identical to the possessive adjectives. The definite articles may also be used before the Portugeuse possessives, but they are not required as in Italian. (They are not included in the table above.)
- Spanish can also use possessive pronouns as possessive adjectives if they follow the noun instead of preceding it.
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