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Subject (Nom.) | Direct Objects (Acc.) | Indirect Objects (Dat.) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ich | I | mich | me | mir | (to) me |
du | you (fam.) | dich | you | dir | (to) you |
er | he | ihn | him | ihm | (to) him |
sie | she | sie | her | ihr | (to) her |
es | it | es | it | ihm | (to) it |
wir | we | uns | us | uns | (to) us |
ihr | you (pl.) | euch | you | euch | (to) you |
sie | they | sie | them | ihnen | (to) them |
Sie | you (pol.) | Sie | you | Ihnen | (to) you |
If there are two nouns in a sentence, one accusative and one dative, then the dative noun will be first. However, if there are two pronouns, one accusative and one dative, then the accusative pronoun will be first. In sentences with one noun and one pronoun (regardless of which is accusative or dative), the pronoun will be first.
Some verbs always take indirect objects, even if they take direct objects in English. For verbs that can take two objects, the direct object will usually be a thing, and the indirect object will usually refer to a person.
antworten | to answer (a person) | The following four need an object as a subject: | |
schenken | to give | schaden | to be harmful to |
bringen | to bring | schmecken | to taste good to |
danken | to thank | stehen | to suit |
zuhören | to listen to | passen | to fit |
gehören | to belong to | The following two need the subject and
object inverted from the original English construction: |
|
glauben | to believe | ||
helfen | to help | ||
gratulieren | to congratulate | fehlen | to be missing to |
begegnen | to meet | gefallen | to be pleasing to |
vertrauen | to trust | ||
empfehlen | to recommend | ||
geben | to give | ||
kaufen | to buy | ||
leihen | to lend, borrow | ||
sagen | to tell, say | ||
schicken | to give as a gift | ||
schreiben | to write | ||
wünschen | to wish | ||
zeigen | to show |
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